Relationships between heart failure, depression, and anxiety: A Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT: Growing evidence suggests that heart failure (HF) is associated with an increased risk of depressive disorders and anxiety. However, the existing studies were observational and may have confounded and not reflected true causal relationships. This study collected genetic instruments about HF, depression, and anxiety from publicly available genetic summary data. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed, with inverse-variance weighted designated as the primary approach for determining causal effects. Secondary analyses included MR-Egger regression and the weighted media method. Additionally, we conducted MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier to address horizontal pleiotropy. Cochran Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analysis were used to assess the robu

SUBMITTER: Chen X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11495748 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature