Oral reovirus reshapes the gut microbiome and enhances antitumor immunity in colon cancer.

ABSTRACT: The route of oncolytic virotherapy is pivotal for immunotherapeutic efficacy in advanced cancers. In this preclinical study, an oncolytic reovirus (RC402) is orally administered to induce antitumor immunity. Oral reovirus treatment shows no gross toxicities and effectively suppresses multifocal tumor lesions. Orally administered reovirus interacts with the host immune system in the Peyer's patch of the terminal ileum, increases IgA⁺ antibody-secreting cells in the lamina propria through MAdCAM-1⁺ blood vessels, and reshapes the gut microbiome. Oral reovirus promotes antigen presentation, type I/II interferons, and T cell activation within distant tumors, but does not reach or directly infect tumor cells beyond the gastrointestinal tract. In contrast to intratumoral re

SUBMITTER: Lee WS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11496807 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature