Occurrence and Distribution of Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Tap Water System-Implications for Human Exposure from Shanghai, China.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The pollution of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) is of global concern, but the site-specific data of OPFR concentrations in drinking water are scarce for many areas of the world outside of Europe and the US. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and profiles of OPFRs in the tap water treatment and delivery process in Shanghai.

Methods

In total, 106 samples were analyzed for 10 OPFRs, which were collected periodically from monitoring points of drinking water treatment plants and piped water between November 2021 and July 2023. The average daily doses of OPFRs through the ingestion of tap water were calculated by multiplying nominal volumes of water ingestion rates with the measured concentrations of OPFRs. Hazard quotients, the hazard index, and t

SUBMITTER: Zhu YS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11510868 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature