Replicability and generalizability in population psychiatric neuroimaging.

ABSTRACT: Studies linking mental health with brain function in cross-sectional population-based association studies have historically relied on small, underpowered samples. Given the small effect sizes typical of such brain-wide associations, studies require samples into the thousands to achieve the statistical power necessary for replicability. Here, we detail how small sample sizes have hampered replicability and provide sample size targets given established association strength benchmarks. Critically, while replicability will improve with larger samples, it is not guaranteed that observed effects will meaningfully apply to target populations of interest (i.e., be generalizable). We discuss important considerations related to generalizability in psychiatric neuroimaging and provide an example of g

SUBMITTER: Marek S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11526127 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature