Skimmed milk intake reduces the risk of ER- breast cancer: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In prior observational investigations, it has been demonstrated that the consumption of milk is associated with the incidence of breast cancer (BC). Despite the existence of a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) that suggests a causal relationship between milk intake and breast cancer risk, the outcomes still lack a definitive conclusion. This ambiguity may be attributed to variables such as the variety of milk ingested, estrogen levels, the specific type of BC, and potential confounding factors. Therefore, our principal objective is to establish the causal association between the consumption of skimmed milk and full cream milk and the risk of different types of BC through the utilization of two-sample and two-step MR analyses.

Methods

In this study, we analyz

SUBMITTER: Huang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11531460 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature