Transmission of highly virulent CXCR4 tropic HIV-1 through the mucosal route in an individual with a wild-type CCR5 genotype.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Nearly all transmitted/founder (T/F) HIV-1 are CCR5 (R5)-tropic. While previous evidence suggested that CXCR4 (X4)-tropic HIV-1 are transmissible, virus detection and characterization were not at the earliest stages of acute infection.

Methods

We identified an X4-tropic T/F HIV-1 in a participant (40700) in the RV217 acute infection cohort. Coreceptor usage was determined in TZM-bl cell line, NP-2 cell lines, and primary CD4⁺ T cells using pseudovirus and infectious molecular clones. CD4 subset dynamics were analyzed using flow cytometry. Viral load in each CD4 subset was quantified using cell-associated HIV RNA assay and total and integrated HIV DNA assay.

Findings

Participant 40700 was infected by an X4 tropic HIV-1 without CCR5 using ability.

SUBMITTER: Marichannegowda MH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11533037 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature