Investigating conditioned pain modulation in horses: can the lip-twitch be used as a conditioning stimulus?

ABSTRACT: Study objective was to evaluate whether the application of a lip twitch could be proposed as conditioning stimulus in the context of a novel Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) assessment paradigm for use in horses. The study was a prospective, experimental, randomized trial. Twelve healthy horses were evaluated in two experimental sessions. The lip twitch was used as the conditioning stimulus in both sessions; electrical stimulation was used as the test stimulus in one session, while mechanical and thermal stimulations were used in the other. Differences between thresholds recorded before and during twitching (Δ) as well as their percent (%) change were computed for each stimulation modality as a measure of CPM. Heart rate and respiratory rate were recorded throughout the experiments to mon

SUBMITTER: Blum S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11540819 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature