Multi-omics reveal immune microenvironment alterations in multiple myeloma and its precursor stages.

ABSTRACT: Tumor immune microenvironmental alterations occur early in multiple myeloma (MM) development. In this study, we aim to systematically characterize the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) and the tumor-immune interactions from precursor stages, i.e., monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering MM (SMM), to newly diagnosed MM, comparing these to healthy donors. Using CIBERSORT, mass cytometry (CyTOF), and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq), we examined innate and adaptive immune changes across these stages. We found a decrease in granulocytes in the TME predicts MM outcomes. HLA-DR is reduced in CD16⁺ monocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, while myeloid dendritic cells show decreased expression of stress and immune-response genes. NK cells and

SUBMITTER: Cheng Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11541562 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature