Adjusting the Crystallization of Tin Perovskites through Thiophene Additives for Improved Photovoltaic Stability.

ABSTRACT: Tin-based perovskites (Sn-PVK) are promising lead-free alternatives for efficient photovoltaic technology, but they face challenges related to bulk and surface defects due to suboptimal crystallization and Sn²⁺ oxidation. Introducing thiophene-2-ethylammonium halides (TEAX, where X = I, Br, Cl) improves FASnI₃ crystallization and reduces Sn⁴⁺ formation. This is achieved by adjusting the crystallization dynamics through the formation of a complex between S and Sn during the preparation of the precursor solution, which also inhibits Sn²⁺ oxidation in the resulting films. In solar cells, these additives boost power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 6.6% (without additives) to 9.4% (using TEABr), with further enhancement to 12% by adjusting selective

SUBMITTER: Solis OE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11558796 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature