Toxicological and environmental risks of enalapril and their possible transformation products generated under phototransformation reactions.

ABSTRACT: Pharmaceutical active compounds (PACs) in the concentration range of hundreds of ng/L to μg/L have been identified in urban surface water, groundwater, and agricultural land where they cause various health risks. These pollutants are classified as emerging and cannot be efficiently removed by conventional wastewater treatment processes. The use of nano-enabled photocatalysts in the removal of pharmaceuticals in aquatic systems has recently received research attention owing to their enhanced properties and effectiveness. In the current study, toxicological and environmental risks of enalapril (ENL) and their possible transformation products (TPs) generated under phototransformation processes (e.g., photolysis and photocatalysis reactions) were assessed. In photolysis reaction, removal of EN

SUBMITTER: Hernandez-Tenorio R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11570933 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature