Allometry in limb regeneration and scale-invariant patterning as the basis of normal morphogenesis from different sizes of blastemas.

ABSTRACT: Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) limb regeneration begins with blastemas of various sizes, in contrast to the limb developmental process. Despite this size variation, normal limb morphology, consistent with a limb stump size, is regenerated. This outcome suggests the existence of underlying scale-invariant mechanisms. To identify such mechanisms, we examined the allometric relationships between blastema size, and Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) and Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 (Fgf8) expression patterns against limb stump size. We found that all factors showed allometric rather than isometric scaling; specifically, their relative sizes decrease with an increase in limb stump size. However, the ratio of Shh/Fgf8 signaling dominant region was nearly constant, independent of blastema/body size. Furthermore,

SUBMITTER: Furukawa S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11574362 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature