First measurement report for volatile organic compounds characteristics during winter in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

ABSTRACT: In this study, 34 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were analyzed using an online VOCs instrument at 30-min intervals from November 16 to November 23, 2023, in Ulaanbaatar (UB), the capital of Mongolia for the first time. The average concentration of the 34 VOCs was 13.0 ± 11.1 ppb, with the top 10 compounds, such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), constituting 80 % of the total. The concentrations of n-hexane, n-heptane, and undecane tended to increase significantly during high-concentration episode period (HEP). Compared to other studies, BTEX concentration levels in UB were higher than those in Seoul and Beijing, but lower than in Southeast Asian cities. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) identified four VOCs sources: vehicle exhaust (33.8 %), industrial/coal combus

SUBMITTER: Won SR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11600047 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature