Multiple mechanisms of aminoglycoside ototoxicity are distinguished by subcellular localization of action.

ABSTRACT: Mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ears and lateral line of vertebrates display heightened vulnerability to environmental insult, with damage resulting in hearing and balance disorders. An important example is hair cell loss due to exposure to toxic agents including therapeutic drugs such as the aminoglycoside antibiotics neomycin and gentamicin and antineoplastic agents. We describe two distinct cellular pathways for aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death in zebrafish lateral line hair cells. Neomycin exposure results in death from acute exposure with most cells dying within 1 h of exposure. By contrast, exposure to gentamicin results primarily in delayed hair cell death, taking up to 24 h for maximal effect. Washout experiments demonstrate that delayed death does not require continuo

SUBMITTER: Wu P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11602426 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature