Neonatal immunity associated with heterologous HIV-1 neutralizing antibody induction in SHIV-infected Rhesus Macaques.

ABSTRACT: The details of the pediatric immune system that supports induction of antibodies capable of neutralizing geographically-diverse or heterologous HIV-1 is currently unclear. Here we explore the pediatric immune environment in neonatal macaque undergoing Simian-HIV infection. Simian-HIV infection of 11 pairs of therapy-naive dams and infant rhesus macaques for 24 months results in heterologous HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies in 64% of young macaques compared to 18% of adult macaques. Heterologous HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies emerge by 12 months post-infection in young macaques, in association with lower expression of immunosuppressive genes, fewer germinal center CD4 + T regulatory cells, and a lower ratio of CD4 + T follicular regulatory to helper cells. Antibodies from peripheral blood B cel

SUBMITTER: Holmes S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11603298 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature