How much progress has been made toward a smoke-free environment in the restaurants and bars of Japan? Limitations of partial bans and their enforcement.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In April 2020, the revised Health Promotion Act and Tokyo Metropolitan Ordinance to prevent second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure was fully enforced. The government has provided an exemption for small-scale, existing establishments by allowing them 'unregulated' status, and it is unclear to what extent indoor smoking bans have been applied in these small bars and restaurants. In this study, we report on indoor smoking status before/after the enforcement of the current legislation both regulated and unregulated restaurants and bars.

Methods

Self-questionnaire surveys were conducted in March 2020 and 2021. We applied the questionnaire to 6,000 restaurants and bars in Tokyo, Osaka and Aomori in the first survey and to 3609 restaurants in the second survey, including those

SUBMITTER: Kataoka A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11606096 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature