Early thrombus formation is required for eccentric and heterogeneous neointimal hyperplasia under disturbed flow.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy effectively inhibit neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) in both arterial and venous systems but not in arteriovenous fistulae (AVF). The main site of AVF failure is the juxta-anastomotic area that is characterized by disturbed flow compared with laminar flow in the arterial inflow and the venous outflow.

Objectives

We hypothesized that early thrombus formation is required for eccentric and heterogeneous NIH in the presence of disturbed flow.

Methods

Needle puncture and sutured AVF were created in C57BL/6 mice, in PF4-Cre × mT/mG reporter mice, and in Wistar rats. Human AVF samples were second-stage basilic vein transpositions. The tissues were examined by histology, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and en face stai

SUBMITTER: Bai H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11608155 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature