Long-term COVID-19 vaccine- and Omicron infection-induced humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Mutations occurring in the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 enables the virus to evade COVID-19 vaccine- and infection-induced immunity.

Methods

Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of humoral and cell-mediated immunity in 111 healthcare workers who received three or four vaccine doses and were followed up to 12 and 6 months, respectively, after the last vaccine dose. Omicron breakthrough infection occurred in 71% of the vaccinees, enabling evaluation of vaccine- and vaccine/infection-induced hybrid immunity.

Results

Neutralizing antibodies were the highest against the ancestral D614G and were sequentially reduced against the Omicron variants BA.2, BA.5 and XBB.1.5. S1-specific IgG and neutralizing antibody levels were significantly higher in infected

SUBMITTER: Belik M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11617562 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature