Protein Structural Modeling and Transport Thermodynamics Reveal That Plant Cation-Chloride Cotransporters Mediate Potassium-Chloride Symport.

ABSTRACT: Plant cation-chloride cotransporters (CCCs) are proposed to be Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl^- transporting membrane proteins, although evolutionarily, they associate more closely with K⁺-Cl^- cotransporters (KCCs). Here, we investigated grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) VvCCC using 3D protein modeling, bioinformatics, and electrophysiology with a heterologously expressed protein. The 3D protein modeling revealed that the signatures of ion binding sites in plant CCCs resembled those of animal KCCs, which was supported by phylogenomic analyses and ancestral sequence reconstruction. The conserved features of plant CCCs and animal KCCs included predicted K⁺ and Cl^--binding sites and the absence of a Na⁺-binding site. Measur

SUBMITTER: Henderson SW 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11641049 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature