PD-L2 act as an independent immune checkpoint in colorectal cancer beyond PD-L1.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), holds promise as a therapeutic strategy in colorectal cancer (CRC) by harnessing the patient's immune system to target malignant cells. Particularly, the PD-1/PD-L1 axis is widely recognized for its critical role in tumor microenvironment immunosuppression. Antibodies targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 have shown sustained efficacy against various cancers, including CRC. Nonetheless, many CRC patients exhibit limited responses to such immunotherapy, and the resistance mechanisms remain incompletely understood.

Methods

We conducted experiments with C57BL/6 mice, and used the MC38 cell line for ICB treatment studies in syngeneic mouse models. Gene and protein analyses were performed using qPCR, Western Blot, and flo

SUBMITTER: Zhu L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11646888 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature