Development and Validation of Facial Line Distress Scale for Forehead Lines: FINE-FL.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Forehead lines (FL) are one of the main signs of aging. Traditional tools to measure FL have limited ability to evaluate the multidimensional impact of these lines on appearance, confidence, and psychological and social relationships.

Objectives

We developed and validated the Facial Line Distress Scale-Forehead Lines (FINE-FL) to evaluate the severity and psychosocial distress associated with FL.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey for FINE-FL psychometric validation at a tertiary hospital and 2 local clinics in Korea. First, a preliminary item pool for the FINE-FL was developed through a qualitative interview based on literature reviews and expert consultations. Second, cognitive interviews and a pilot test were conducted to evaluate comprehensio

SUBMITTER: Kang E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11647269 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature