Pathobiont-induced suppressive immune imprints thwart T cell vaccine responses.

ABSTRACT: Pathobionts have evolved many strategies to coexist with the host, but how immune evasion mechanisms contribute to the difficulty of developing vaccines against pathobionts is unclear. Meanwhile, Staphylococcus aureus (SA) has resisted human vaccine development to date. Here we show that prior SA exposure induces non-protective CD4⁺ T cell imprints, leading to the blunting of protective IsdB vaccine responses. Mechanistically, these SA-experienced CD4⁺ T cells express IL-10, which is further amplified by vaccination and impedes vaccine protection by binding with IL-10Rα on CD4⁺ T cell and inhibit IL-17A production. IL-10 also mediates cross-suppression of IsdB and sdrE multi-antigen vaccine. By contrast, the inefficiency of SA IsdB, IsdA and MntC vaccines c

SUBMITTER: Hajam IA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11649901 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature