Response of human metabolism to ultra-low and high nicotine cigarettes based on urine metabolomics and bioinformatic analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

This study aimed to evaluate the metabolomic profiles of urine samples obtained from smokers who smoked cigarettes with low and high nicotine content.

Methods

Three smokers participated in this study. They were given low-nicotine (LN) cigarettes, and urine was collected at the end of the third day for the LN group. After 1 week of not smoking, they were given high-nicotine (HN) cigarettes, and urine was collected for the HN group. Untargeted metabolomics and bioinformatic analysis methods were used for urine analysis.

Results

PCA showed a high degree of similarity between samples within the group and a large distance between samples between groups, indicating a significant difference between the two groups. A total of 1150 significantly differential metab

SUBMITTER: Zhang M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11653067 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature