Association between exposure to urinary metal and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in US adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Further evidence is required regarding the influence of metal mixture exposure on mortality. Therefore, we employed diverse statistical models to evaluate the associations between eight urinary metals and the risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

Methods

We measured the levels of 8 metals in the urine of adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018. Based on follow-up data, we determined whether they died and the reasons for their deaths. We estimated the association between urine metal exposure and all-cause mortality using Cox regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models. Additionally, we used a competing risk model to estimate the

SUBMITTER: Cheng T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11676533 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature