Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Macrophage Secretion of ATP and HMGB1 to Enhance Irradiation-Led Immunogenic Cell Death.

ABSTRACT: ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1 protein) are key players in treatments that induce immunogenic cell death (ICD). However, conventional therapies, including radiotherapy, are often insufficient to induce ICD. In this study, we explore a strategy using nanoparticle-loaded macrophages as a source of ATP and HMGB1 to complement radiation-induced intrinsic and adaptive immune responses. To this end, we tested three inorganic particles, namely, iron oxide nanoparticles (ION), aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AON), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZON), in vitro with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and then in vivo in syngeneic tumor models. Our results showed that ION was the most effective of the three nanoparticles in promoting the secretio

SUBMITTER: Zhan S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11740999 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature