Cigarette smoking and perceived risk of cardiovascular disease in Iran.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Studies have consistently demonstrated a strong link between cigarette smoking and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). On the other hand, studies have shown that most smokers do not have a real understanding of the cardiovascular health hazards of smoking. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the perceived risk of Myocardial Infarction (MI), Hypertension (HTN), and Stroke among current smokers in Iran.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and May 2023, and recruited 380 smokers by convenience sampling who smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. The data were collected using three questionnaires (1) the questionnaire to assess the risk perception for MI, HTN, and Stroke, (2) the smoking stage of change ques

SUBMITTER: Zarghami F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11744808 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature