Genomic and physiological mechanisms of high-altitude adaptation in Ethiopian highlanders: a comparative perspective.

ABSTRACT: High-altitude adaptation is a remarkable example of natural selection, yet the genomic and physiological adaptation mechanisms of Ethiopian highlanders remain poorly understood compared to their Andean and Tibetan counterparts. Ethiopian populations, such as the Amhara and Oromo, exhibit unique adaptive strategies characterized by moderate hemoglobin levels and enhanced arterial oxygen saturation, indicating distinct mechanisms of coping with chronic hypoxia. This review synthesizes current genomic insights into Ethiopian high-altitude adaptation, identifying key candidate genes involved in hypoxia tolerance and examining the influence of genetic diversity and historical admixture on adaptive responses. Furthermore, the review highlights significant research gaps, particularly the underrep

SUBMITTER: Seifu WD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11747213 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature