Autoimmune brainstem encephalitis: Clinical associations, outcomes, and proposed diagnostic criteria.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

We describe neurologic phenotype, clinical associations, and outcomes in autoimmune brainstem encephalitis.

Methods

Medical records of neural-IgG positive autoimmune brainstem encephalitis patients diagnosed at Mayo Clinic (January 1, 2006-December 31, 2022) were reviewed.

Results

Ninety-eight patients (57 male) were included. Median age of symptom onset was 51 years (range, 8 months-85 years). Frequent presenting features were ≥1: diplopia (80%), ataxia (78%), dysarthria (68%), vestibulocochlear symptoms (67%), dysphagia (61%), nausea/vomiting (42%), and facial weakness (32%). Altered mental status (11%) was uncommon. Neural antibodies detected were as follows: KLHL-11 (26 patients), GAD65 (high titer, 12), ANNA-1 (anti-Hu, 8), ANNA-2 (anti-Ri, 8), Ma2 (7),

SUBMITTER: Gilligan M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11752097 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature