Multifolding Vertical-Flow Electrochemical Paper-Based Devices with Tunable Dual Preconcentration for Enhanced Multiplexed Assays of Heavy Metals.

ABSTRACT: This work describes fully integrated multifolding electrochemical paper-based devices (ePADs) for enhanced multiplexed voltammetric determination of heavy metals (Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II)) using tunable passive preconcentration. The paper devices integrate five circular sample preconcentration layers and a 3-electrode electrochemical cell. The hydrophobic barriers of the devices are drawn by pen-plotting with hydrophobic ink, while the electrodes are deposited by screen-printing. The devices exploit the wicking ability of cellulose paper to perform passive preconcentration of the target analytes, resulting in a ∼6-fold signal enhancement. For this purpose, drops of the sample are placed at the five sample pads of the preconcentration layers, the device is folded, and the target metals ar

SUBMITTER: Soulis D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11755402 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature