No microorganism was detected in amniotic fluid of healthy pregnancies from the second trimester to the delivery.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The early colonization and establishment of the microbiome in newborns is a crucial step in the development of the immune system and host metabolism. However, the exact timing of initial microbial colonization remains a subject of ongoing debate. While numerous studies have attempted to determine the presence or absence of intrauterine bacteria, the majority of them have drawn conclusions based on sequencing data from maternal or infant samples taken at a single time point. In this study, we aimed to investigate the microbial population in amniotic fluid (AF) from the second trimester until the time of delivery using multiple microbiological methods.

Methods

AF samples were collected during the second trimester (19-21 gestational weeks) and at the time of delivery

SUBMITTER: Liu Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11755948 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature