Relationships between structural stigma, societal stigma, and minority stress among gender minority people.

ABSTRACT: Structural stigma towards gender minority (GM; people whose current gender does not align with sex assigned at birth) people is an important contributor to minority stress (i.e., stress experienced due to one's marginalized GM identity), although existing variables are unclear in their inclusion of social norms, or societal stigma, as a key component of the construct. We examined potential variables representing structural stigma, including variables that are inclusive of societal stigma, to identify those that most strongly relate to minority stress outcomes. We tested variables identified in the literature as measures of structural stigma inclusive of societal stigma (LGBT + Business Climate Index, state voting behaviors, and Google Trends search data), the most commonly used structural

SUBMITTER: Clark KD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11757992 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature