Global burden and trends of the <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection-associated diseases from 1990 to 2021: an observational trend study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

This study was aimed to explore the global burden and trends of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) associated diseases.

Methods

Data for this study were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The burden of CDI was assessed using the age-standardized rates of disability-adjusted life years (ASR-DALYs) and deaths (ASDRs). Trends in the burden of CDI were presented using average annual percentage changes (AAPCs).

Results

The ASR-DALYs for CDI increased from 1.83 (95% UI: 1.53-2.18) per 100,000 in 1990 to 3.46 (95% UI: 3.04-3.96) per 100,000 in 2021, with an AAPC of 2.03% (95% CI: 1.67-2.4%). The ASDRs for CDI rose from 0.10 (95% UI: 0.08-0.11) per 100,000 in 1990 to 0.19 (95% UI: 0.16-0.23) per 100,000 in 2021, with an AAPC of 2.26% (95%

SUBMITTER: Xia J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11758798 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature