Association of Immune Nutrition Indices with the Risk of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients with Heart Failure in the NHANES (1999-2018).

ABSTRACT:

Background

Heart failure (HF) remains a global challenge with disappointing long-term outcomes. Malnutrition is prevalent in patients with HF and disrupts the equilibrium of immune and inflammatory responses, resulting in further deterioration of the HF. Novel indicators emerge as immune nutrition indices, including the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, and cholesterol-modified prognostic nutritional index (CPNI). This study examines the correlation between immune nutrition indices and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with HF.

Methods

The data source for this study was the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 1232 participants with HF were

SUBMITTER: Zhang F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11759971 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature