Harnessing Extracellular Vesicles for Stabilized and Functional IL-10 Delivery in Macrophage Immunomodulation.

ABSTRACT: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining recognition as promising therapeutic carriers for immune modulation. We investigated the potential of EVs derived from HEK293FT cells to stabilize and deliver interleukin-10 (IL-10), a key anti-inflammatory cytokine. Using minicircle (MC) DNA vectors, we achieved IL-10 overexpression and efficient incorporation into EVs, yielding superior stability compared to free, recombinant IL-10 protein. Detailed biophysical and functional analyses revealed that IL-10⁺ EVs contain both monomeric and oligomeric forms of IL-10 on their external surface and encapsulated within vesicles. IL-10⁺ EVs suppressed inflammatory cytokine expression in pro-inflammatory macrophages (from two to 14-fold compared to naïve EVs) without inducing anti-infla

SUBMITTER: Saleh NA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11761701 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature