Gelatin Nanoemulsion-Based Co-Delivery of Terbinafine and Essential Oils for Treatment of <i>Candida albicans</i> Biofilms.

ABSTRACT: Fungal infections represent a significant global health challenge. Candida albicans is a particularly widespread pathogen, with both molecular and biofilm-based mechanisms making it resistant to or tolerant of available antifungal drugs. This study reports a combination therapy, active against C. albicans, utilizing terbinafine and essential oils incorporated into a gelatin-based nanoemulsion system (T-GNE). Eugenol and methyl eugenol/terbinafine T-GNEs had an additive efficacy, while carvacrol (CT-GNE) worked synergistically with terbinafine, providing effective antifungal treatment with minimal mammalian cell toxicity. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that CT-GNE penetrated the dense C. albicans biofilm and disrupted the fungal cell membrane. Overall, the combination

SUBMITTER: Hassan MA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11767362 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature