ABSTRACT: Terrestrial geothermal springs, reminiscent of early Earth conditions, host diverse and abundant populations of Archaea. In this study, we reconstructed 2,949 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from 152 metagenomes collected over six years from 48 geothermal springs in Tengchong, China. Among these MAGs, 1,431 (49%) were classified as high-quality, while 1,518 (51%) were considered as medium-quality. Phylogenomic analysis revealed that these MAGs spanned 12 phyla, 27 classes, 67 orders, 147 families, 265 genera, and 475 species. Notably, 575 (19%) MAGs represented new taxa at various taxonomic levels, and 2,075 (70%) lacked nomenclature and effective descriptions. The most abundant phyla of archaeal genomes were Thermoproteota, Thermoplasmatota, and Micrarchaeota. The DRTY, ZMQ, and ZZQ g
