The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales-21: Principal component analysis and evaluation of abbreviated versions in young adults with temporomandibular disorders.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) contain three subscales measuring depression, anxiety, and stress. Several abbreviated DASS-21 versions have been developed, demonstrating better clinical utility and measurement properties than the original instrument. This study explored the factor structure of various abbreviated DASS-21 versions and identified/validated the optimal one for assessing young adults with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).

Methods

A total of 974 university-attending young adults were recruited in two waves (wave 1: 519; wave 2: 455). Demographic information, the DASS-21, and quintessence five TMD symptoms (5Ts) of the Diagnostic Criteria for TMDs were collected. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to condense the DASS

SUBMITTER: Xiong Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11771923 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature