Strength and durability of indirect protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection through vaccine and infection-acquired immunity.

ABSTRACT: Early investigation revealed a reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among social contacts of COVID-19 vaccinated individuals, referred to as indirect protection. However, indirect protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection-acquired immunity and its comparative strength and durability to vaccine-derived indirect protection in the current epidemiologic context of high levels of vaccination, prior infection, and novel variants are not well characterized. Here, we show that both vaccine-derived and infection-acquired immunity independently yield indirect protection to close social contacts with key differences in their strength and waning. Analyzing anonymized SARS-CoV-2 surveillance data from 9,625 residents in California state prisons from December 2021 to December 2022, we find that vaccine-deriv

SUBMITTER: Tan ST 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11779853 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature