Inverse Relationship Between Serum Carotenoid Levels and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Among the General Adult Population.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To examine the relationship between serum carotenoid levels and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome in a representative sample of US adults.

Methods

Data from the fasting subsample of the NHANES 2017-2018 were analyzed using a survey-weighted approach to ensure the findings are representative of the broader US adult population. Serum levels of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, and lycopene were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. CKM syndrome stages were defined according to the 2023 American Heart Association guidelines, with advanced CKM syndrome categorized as stages 3 or 4. Associations between serum carotenoids and advanced CKM syndrome were assessed using logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQ

SUBMITTER: Chen M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11780278 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature