HIV/HBV coinfection remodels the immune landscape and natural killer cell ADCC functional responses.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aims

HBV and HIV coinfection is a common occurrence globally, with significant morbidity and mortality. Both viruses lead to immune dysregulation including changes in natural killer (NK) cells, a key component of antiviral defense and a promising target for HBV cure strategies. Here we used high-throughput single-cell analysis to explore the immune cell landscape in people with HBV mono-infection and HIV/HBV coinfection, on antiviral therapy, with emphasis on identifying the distinctive characteristics of NK cell subsets that can be therapeutically harnessed.

Approach and results

Our data show striking differences in the transcriptional programs of NK cells. HIV/HBV coinfection was characterized by an over-representation of adaptive, KLRC2 -expressing NK cells

SUBMITTER: Sun B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11782918 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature