Cold-related Mortality in US State and Private Prisons: A Case-Crossover Analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cold temperatures are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular and respiratory disease mortality. Due to limited temperature regulation in prisons, incarcerated populations may be particularly vulnerable to cold-related mortality.

Methods

We analyzed mortality data in US prisons from 2001 to 2019. Using a case-crossover approach, we estimated the association of a 10 °F decrease in cold temperature and extreme cold (days below the 10th percentile) with the risk of total mortality and deaths from heart disease, respiratory disease, and suicide. We assessed effect modification by personal, facility, and regional characteristics.

Results

There were 18,578 deaths during cold months. The majority were male (96%) and housed in a state-operated prison (96%

SUBMITTER: Skarha J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11785481 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature