Peripheral blood age-sensitive immune markers in multiple sclerosis: relation to sex, cytomegalovirus status, and treatment.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Immunosenescence is accelerated by chronic infectious and autoimmune diseases and could contribute to the pathobiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). How MS and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) impact age-sensitive immune biomarkers is only partially understood.

Methods

We analyzed 771 serum samples from 147 healthy controls and 289 people with MS (PwMS) by multiplex immunoassays. We determined cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus and collected retrospective clinical information. We performed unsupervised and multivariable analyses.

Findings

Unsupervised analyses revealed that MS immune profile was characterized by low relative levels of anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective factors IL-4, IL-10, TNF, and β-NGF but high levels of growth factors EGF and bFGF. Serum le

SUBMITTER: Desu H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11788784 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature