Associations Between Diabetic Retinopathy and Frailty: Insights From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Mendelian Randomization.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To elucidate the relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and frailty and investigate genetic correlations and causality.

Methods

We analyzed data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which included 1003 individuals with diabetes. DR was evaluated via nonmydriatic retinal imaging, and frailty was measured using a 49-item frailty index. The association between DR and frailty was assessed using survey-weighted logistics regression adjusted for multiple covariates, including age, sex, race, education level, family income-to-poverty ratio, marital status, and Healthy Eating Index. Genetic correlations and causal relationships were investigated through linkage disequilibrium score regression and bidirectional Mendelian randomization.

Resu

SUBMITTER: Chen J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11798332 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature