Tissue origin of endothelial cells determines immune system modulation and regulation of HIF-1α-, TGF-β-, and VEGF signaling.

ABSTRACT: Tight junctions of vascular endothelial cells in the central nervous system form the blood-brain and inner blood-retinal barriers, the integrity of which are further influenced by neighboring cells such as pericytes, astrocytes/Müller glial processes, and immune cells. In addition, the retina is shielded from the fenestrated endothelium of the choriocapillaris by the epithelial barrier of the retinal pigment epithelium. Dysfunction of the blood retinal barriers and/or proliferation of retinal and choroidal endothelial cells are caused by late stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), the main causes of blindness in western countries. To elucidate endothelial-derived pathomechanisms in DR and nAMD, we established immortalized mouse cell lin

SUBMITTER: Heiden R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11804623 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature