A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study integrating genome-wide association studies, expression quantitative trait locus, and methylation quantitative trait locus data revealed causal relationship between heavy cigarette dependence and Barrett's esophagus.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The association between smoking dependence and the risk of developing Barrett's esophagus remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether a causal relationship exists between smoking dependence and Barrett's esophagus, using Mendelian randomization analysis.

Methods

Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of smoking and Barrett's esophagus. Additionally, we applied summary data-based Mendelian randomization techniques to combine information from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with expression quantitative trait locus and methylation quantitative trait locus.

Results

Multivariable Mendelian randomization showed an association between smoking per day (odds ratio = 1.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.038-1.3

SUBMITTER: An Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11806485 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature