Seasonal variations, source apportionment, and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments from Klip River, Johannesburg, South Africa.

ABSTRACT: The widespread occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water bodies is a significant cause of concern due to their persistence and toxicity. This study aimed at assessing the qualitative and quantitative profile of 16 EPA PAHs present in sediment collected from nine sites along the Klip River, Johannesburg, South Africa. The target compounds were extracted from sediment by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The extraction method accuracy was evaluated by analyzing certified reference material of sediment (CRM-104). The total concentration of PAHs detected in sediment samples ranged from 1.46 to 7.41 mg/kg. High molecular weight (HMW) PAHs were found to be in higher concentrations for both low flow (24.5 mg/kg) and high flow (19.4 mg/kg) seasons compared to the lower mole

SUBMITTER: Makobe S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11807025 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature