Elucidating subcellular architecture and dynamics at isotropic 100-nm resolution with 4Pi-SIM.

ABSTRACT: Three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) provides excellent optical sectioning and doubles the resolution in all dimensions compared with wide-field microscopy. However, its much lower axial resolution results in blurred fine details in that direction and overall image distortion. Here we present 4Pi-SIM, a substantial revamp of I⁵S that synergizes 3D-SIM with interferometric microscopy to achieve isotropic optical resolution through interference in both the illumination and detection wavefronts. We evaluate the performance of 4Pi-SIM by imaging various subcellular structures across different cell types with high fidelity. Furthermore, we demonstrate its capability by conducting time-lapse volumetric imaging over hundreds of time points, achieving a 3D resol

SUBMITTER: Ouyang Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11810797 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature