Ecological vulnerability and driving factors in the himalayan transboundary landscape under global climate change.

ABSTRACT: Climate change and human activities are placing significant pressure on the carrying capacity of the Himalayan alpine ecosystem. This study focuses on seven transboundary protected areas and national parks in the Himalayas, including China's Everest National Nature Reserve and Nepal's Sagarmatha National Park, Manaslu Conservation Area, Langtang National Park, Gauri Sankar Conservation Area, Makalu Barun National Park, and Kanchenjunga Conservation Area. We used the Vulnerability Scoping Diagram (VSD) model to assess ecological vulnerability, analyzing land use changes and landscape patterns from 2000 to 2020 to identify key drivers of landscape changes. The fragmentation of ecological landscapes initially increased and then decreased, with values of 4.05, 3.99, and 3.86 observed, indicati

SUBMITTER: Zhu K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11811191 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature