Methods to Adjust for Confounding in Test-Negative Design COVID-19 Effectiveness Studies: Simulation Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Real-world COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies are investigating exposures of increasing complexity accounting for time since vaccination. These studies require methods that adjust for the confounding that arises when morbidities and demographics are associated with vaccination and the risk of outcome events. Methods based on propensity scores (PS) are well-suited to this when the exposure is dichotomous, but present challenges when the exposure is multinomial.

Objective

This simulation study aimed to investigate alternative methods to adjust for confounding in VE studies that have a test-negative design.

Methods

Adjustment for a disease risk score (DRS) is compared with multivariable logistic regression. Both stratification on the DRS and direct co

SUBMITTER: Rowley EA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11811671 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature