Cognitive Outcomes of Advanced Therapies in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review of Apomorphine and Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel Therapies.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Parkinson's disease (PD) treatments, such as apomorphine (APO) and levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG), represent advanced therapeutic options for managing motor symptoms. However, clear selection criteria and well-defined cognitive outcomes are lacking. This systematic review specifically aimed to address these gaps by assessing the cognitive impact of APO and LCIG in PD patients.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with searches in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase. Two authors screened studies based on key inclusion criteria, including at least two cognitive tests, and a follow-up of 6 months or more. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).

Results

Fifteen studies were identi

SUBMITTER: Longo C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11811760 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature