Measuring homoplasy I: comprehensive measures of maximum and minimum cost under parsimony across discrete cost matrix character types.

ABSTRACT: Here, we propose, prove mathematically and discuss maximum and minimum measures of maximum parsimony evolution across 12 discrete phylogenetic character types, classified across 4467 morphological and molecular datasets. Covered character types are: constant, binary symmetric, multistate unordered (non-additive) symmetric, multistate linear ordered symmetric, multistate non-linear ordered symmetric, binary irreversible, multistate irreversible, binary Dollo, multistate Dollo, multistate custom symmetric, binary custom asymmetric and multistate custom asymmetric characters. We summarize published solutions and provide and prove a range of new formulae for the algebraic calculation of minimum (m), maximum (g) and maximum possible (g_max) character cost for applicable character type

SUBMITTER: Hoyal Cuthill JF 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11811818 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature